In addition to other chronic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease, arthritis in the elderly is a very common chronic degenerative joint disease that is thought to be caused by years of joint use, stress on the tissues, as well as by hereditary factors. It results in an inflammation or deterioration of the bones and their joints. Elderly arthritis sufferers may have more than one of one hundred forms of arthritis, all resulting in varying degrees of pain and discomfort that can lead to depression and sleep disturbances, as well as increased health care costs. Factors that can lead to challenges in achieving good therapeutic outcomes include multiple drug use, multiple diseases, potential drug interactions, a decrease in cognitive function, and altered pharmacokinetics.
What happens to the joints?
The synovial sac which is filled with synovial fluid (a thick substance that protects and allows the bones to move easily and smoothly) changes its structure due to an inflammation leading to deterioration in the surface creating friction, pain, and loss of flexibility.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is the most common type of joint problem. Pain is frequently caused by the loss of cartilage that lines and smoothes the joints. With less cartilage, the bone junctions become inflamed and swollen. The hands, knees, hips, and spine are the most affected skeletal areas affected by osteoarthritis.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most disabling forms of arthritis. It strikes all ages and the cause remains largely unknown. Inflammation involves the synovium, the lining of the joints. There is swelling of the hands, wrists, at least three joints, bumps under the skin, and morning stiffness.
Treatment
Pain relief is the primary goal in treating arthritis (in order to increase comfort and performance of daily activities.) It is followed by restoration of the joints and maintenance of function.
Treatments include:
.Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen.
.Regular exercise including physical therapy
.Removal of synovial fluid and replacement with an anti-inflammatory (steroid) medication
.Surgery including joint replacement
.Use of heat and/or ice to specific areas
.Weight loss
What you can do
One of the most important things you can do for yourself is to recognize the possibility of arthritis at an early stage in order to minimize further joint damage and deterioration. Today there are many alternative therapeutic approaches to the treatment of arthritis. Work with a reliable, objective professional to develop a treatment plan that includes pain relief, diet changes, exercise, and anti-stress techniques. Today there are many assistive devices available to help with your activities. Catalog companies as well as home or durable medical equipment companies sell assistive devices and products to make life easier. What is important is that you learn what works for you, and that what works is a regimen that you will be able to follow on a daily basis!
